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蛇咬:为什么它甚至可能是致命的 - Practical Tips

蛇咬:为什么它甚至可能是致命的

by Pramith

被蛇咬是不愉快的。通常情况下,该区域会肿胀起来,而且非常瘙痒。然而,在某些情况下,实际上无害的蚊子叮咬也会对你的健康构成极大的威胁。我们在这篇文章中解释了你需要知道的内容。

蚊子叮咬–只是令人不快的瘙痒或健康危害

如果你被蛇蜇了,你的身体会有反应。我们所说的蛇当然是指蚊子,在德国的一些地区,这些术语是同义的。真正的蛇,在技术术语中称为Tipulidae,不能咬人。它们的口器无法刺穿我们的皮肤。

  • 当蚊子叮咬时,它做的第一件事是释放一点唾液。唾液中含有的蛋白质能扩张血管,并在局部抑制血液凝结。这使蚊子更容易做它真正想做的事,即吸血。
  • 然而,唾液中的蛋白质也会激活某些防御细胞。这引发了身体的防御反应 – 身体释放组胺。
    • 组胺负责使蚊子叮咬发痒和肿胀。细菌也可能随着咬伤本身或通过抓挠进入伤口。在这种情况下,咬伤会发炎。
      • 细菌也可以进入淋巴系统,特别是通过搔抓。其结果是淋巴水肿。如果细菌进入血液,就会有血液中毒的风险,即所谓的败血症。
        • 必须及时治疗这种血液中毒。否则,可能会发生严重的并发症。在某些情况下,脓毒症甚至是致命的。
        • 口腔和喉咙部位的蚊子叮咬可能很危险。由于肿胀,会出现严重的呼吸急促。这也是一个医疗咨询的案例。

        蚊子叮咬的严重过敏现象很少

        在蜜蜂和黄蜂的叮咬中,对昆虫的毒液过敏是可能的。这种情况在蚊子叮咬时相当罕见。

        • 蚊子咬人时不注射毒液,而是–如前所述–只注射蛋白质。对这些蛋白质的真正过敏是可能的,但非常罕见。
        • 如果存在这样的过敏,受影响的人在被蚊子叮咬后还会出现危及生命的过敏性休克,也叫过敏性休克。
        • 这种过敏反应表现为恶心、呼吸急促、心跳加快,甚至会导致循环系统停止。
          • 如果你出现任何过敏反应的迹象,请立即叫救护车。这时就会出现危及生命的紧急情况。

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