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Spam, also known as “junk mail”, consists of unwanted messages sent in bulk, but few people know exactly what that is.
What is spam: a definition
Spam is often more than just advertising – many such messages are designed to distribute malware or steal personal data. A clear understanding of the mechanisms behind spam messages is crucial to protecting yourself effectively.
- Distinguishing spam from junk mail: While spam emails are usually sent without permission, many emails marked as “junk” are legitimate but annoying advertising messages that you may have subscribed to at some point, for example through an online purchase.
- Malware distribution: Many spam messages contain attachments or links that can install malicious software such as viruses or spyware. Malspam emails are particularly risky, as clicking on an attachment can install malware on your device.
- Phishing: One of the most dangerous forms of spam is phishing. In this case, fraudsters pose as trustworthy sources (e.g. banks) to trick you into disclosing sensitive data such as passwords or credit card details. These e-mails often look very convincing and contain links to fake websites.
- Protection through spam filters: Most e-mail services use spam filters to automatically detect suspicious messages and move them to the spam folder. These filters analyze subject lines, sender addresses and the structure of e-mails for typical spam patterns.
How to avoid spam
While spam can never be completely ruled out, targeted measures can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to spam. It is essential to be careful about how you use your own email address and your internet presence.
- Careful use of email addresses: Only use your email address with trusted sources. It is particularly helpful to use so-called alias addresses – additional email addresses that are used for special purposes such as newsletters.
- Do not open suspicious links: Never click on links or attachments in emails from unknown senders. Even if the message seems trustworthy, it may be a trap. Use alternative ways to verify contact information, such as by directly contacting official websites.
